Your phone rings: "This is Microsoft. We've detected a virus on your computer." Or maybe a terrifying pop-up warns that your files are at risk. Both are almost certainly scams. Tech support fraud costs victims hundreds of millions annually, but understanding how it works can keep you safe.
The Reality: Legitimate Companies Don't Do This
Let's be crystal clear:
- Microsoft, Apple, and Google will never call you about computer problems
- Your ISP won't call about viruses on your devices
- Pop-up warnings with phone numbers are fake
- Legitimate tech support doesn't ask for gift cards
How Tech Support Scams Work
The Cold Call
Scammers call claiming to be from Microsoft, Apple, or your internet provider. They say they've detected problems with your computer and offer to help—for a fee.
The Scary Pop-Up
While browsing, a full-screen warning appears claiming your computer is infected. It displays a phone number to call for "immediate assistance." The pop-up may:
- Play alarming sounds or voice warnings
- Freeze your browser (making it seem serious)
- Display official-looking Microsoft or Apple logos
- Show a countdown timer to create urgency
The Search Engine Trap
Searching for tech support leads you to scam websites that appear legitimate. They offer "help" that turns into fraud.
What Happens If You Engage
Remote Access
The scammer asks you to download remote access software (like TeamViewer or AnyDesk). Once connected, they can:
- Install actual malware on your computer
- Access your files and personal information
- View your passwords and banking details
- Lock you out of your own computer
Fake Diagnostics
They show you normal system processes and claim they're viruses. Everything they show you is designed to frighten you into paying.
Payment Demands
They demand payment for "repairs," often requesting:
- Gift cards (iTunes, Google Play, Amazon)
- Wire transfers
- Cryptocurrency
- Direct access to your bank account to "refund" you (then steal more)
Red Flags to Recognize
The Call or Pop-Up
- Unsolicited contact about computer problems
- Caller ID showing "Microsoft" or "Apple" (easily spoofed)
- Pop-ups you can't easily close
- Urgency and fear tactics
The Interaction
- Requests to download remote access software
- Claims that your computer is at immediate risk
- Poor English or scripted responses
- Pressure to act immediately
The Payment
- Requests for gift cards as payment
- Unusually high fees for simple services
- Requests for bank login credentials
- Ongoing subscription requirements
How to Handle These Situations
If You Get a Call
- Hang up immediately
- Don't press any numbers if prompted
- Block the number
- Report to the FTC
If You See a Pop-Up
- Don't call the number
- Don't click anything on the pop-up
- Force close your browser (Ctrl+Alt+Delete on Windows, Command+Option+Escape on Mac)
- Clear your browser cache before reopening
- Run a legitimate antivirus scan if concerned
If You've Already Engaged
- Disconnect from the internet immediately
- Uninstall any software they had you download
- Change all passwords from a different device
- Monitor financial accounts for unauthorized activity
- Consider professional malware removal
- Report to authorities
Getting Legitimate Tech Support
When you actually need help:
- Go directly to the company's website (don't search—type the URL)
- Use official support channels found on the product or documentation
- For local help, use reputable businesses with physical locations
- Check reviews before hiring any tech service
Remember: real tech companies have no way to know if your personal computer has a virus. Any unsolicited contact claiming otherwise is a scam—no exceptions.